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    Sistem Penggerak/Pemindah Tenaga


    S istem P enggerak / pemindah Tenaga
      
    P ADA Umum nya kerja Sistem Penggerak Adalah menyalurkan Tenaga Dari mesin   KE roda. Pendistribusian Tenaga Suami MEMBUAT kendaran berjalan maju ATAU Mundur.
    S ecara Umum  Sistem pemindah tenaganya dikelompokkan Menjadi empat dalam hearts da JENIS / tipe   Sistem pemindahan Tenaga Putaran mesin KE roda , Yaitu:


    1.      F ront Mesin Rear Drive  (FR)

    S istem Suami Komponen mesin berada di Depan Dan menggerakkan roda Bagian Belakang.
    Beroperasi Umum Komponen-Komponen Sistem pemindah Tenaga meliputi: kopling ( clutch ), Transmisi ( Transmisi ),  poros Penggerak poros / baling-baling, Diferensial, poros Belakang Dan roda ( roda )
    a)      Kopling ( clutch )
    Menghubung Dan memutus Putaran / Tenaga Bermotor KE Transmisi
    b)      Transmisi ( Transmisi )
    Mengatur PERBANDINGAN Putaran Bermotor DENGAN poros Penggerak aksel sehingga menghasilkan momen puntir Yang diinginkan
    c)       Poros Penggerak ( drive shaft / poros baling
    Meneruskan Putaran / Tenaga Dari Transmisi KE Penggerak aksel DENGAN Sudut Yang Bervariasi
    d)      Penggerak Aksel / Gardan ( differensial )
    Penggerak Sudut, UNTUK memindahkan Arah Putaran poros Penggerak kearah poros aksel. Differensial , UNTUK menyeimbangkan Putaran kedua roda PADA Saat Belok
    e)      Poros Aksel ( poros Axle )
    Meneruskan Putaran Dari Penggerak aksel KE roda . poros Poros (poros Penggerak roda) Poros Adalah pemutar roda yg dihubungkan DENGAN gardan ( differensial ).
    f)        Roda
    Agar Kendaraan kendaran DAPAT berjalan maju ATAU Mundur

    K elebihan Sistem Penggerak Roda Belakang 

    a.       Lay out mesin LEBIH rapi KARENA mesin Dan menghemat Ruang Mesin.
    b.       Kemampuan Daya Dorong LEBIH KUAT.
    c.       Sistem Mampu memberikan traksi Baik Saat Kendaraan dimuati PT KALBE Berat.
    d.       P osisi mesin di Depan Diyakini Mampu melindungi Pengemudi Dan Penumpang Saat Terjadi Benturan Dari Depan.
    e.       Karakter Yang dihasilkan cenderung LEBIH halus dibanding Penggerak Depan.
    f.        hati Cenderung LEBIH MUDAH bermanuver di Tempat PARKIR Yang Sempit KARENA Sistem kemudi tak terhambat Diposkan sebagai roda.
    g.       P penggeraknya seni LEBIH tahan lama KARENA Hanya dipergunakan UNTUK menyalurkan Tenaga.
    h.      Sitem kemudi Menjadi LEBIH Ringan Dan TIDAK seliar Penggerak Depan.

    Kelemahan
    a.       Akselerasi TIDAK sebaik mesin berpenggerak roda Depan.
    b.       Buritan Penggerak Roda Belakang cenderung membuang Bila throttle
    c.       Efisiensi mesin Sistem Suami LEBIH Sulit didapat. Bila performa Tenaga mesin pas-pasan, Kerugian gesekan kian melemahkan performa mobil Beroperasi keseluruhan.
    d.       Bobot Kendaraan Yang terpusat di Belakang MEMBUAT gejala oversteer   MUDAH Terjadi.

    2.      Depan Mesin Depan berkendara  (FF)


    S istem Suami Komponen mesin berada di Depan Dan menggerakkan roda Bagian Depan JUGA. Komponen-Komponen Sistem pemindah Tenaga meliputi: kopling ( clutch ), Transmisi ( Transmisi / transaxle ),  Diferensial, sebagai roda Depan  Dan roda ( roda ).
    a.   Clutch  (Kopling)
    Komponen Suami mempunyai fungsi fungsi fungsi fungsi UNTUK meneruskan Dan melepaskan Daya Dari mesin ketika berpindah gir hati Kondisi berjalan ATAU Berhenti.

    a.     Transaxle  
    Transmisi   Dan Diferensial Yang Menjadi Satu, Bagian PADA digunakan Suami Kendaraan Penggerak roda   Depan.
    b.     Differential
    Komponen Suami mempunyai fungsi fungsi fungsi fungsi Tiga Yaitu merubah Arah Dari Daya Bergerak, Mengurangi Daya Dari poros baling-baling , Dan membedakan Putaran UNTUK 
    roda   ketika membelok.
    c.     Kardan
    Komponen Yang berfungsi Daya meneruskan Yang terbagi KE SETIAP roda Dari Diferensial .
    d.     Propeller Shaft
    Suatu MEKANISME penghubung Yang meneruskan Daya Dari Transmisi KE Diferensial (Kendaraan mesin di Depan DENGAN Penggerak roda Belakang).
      


    K eunggulan  Sistem Penggerak Roda Depan


    a.       Proses Penyaluran Tenaga LEBIH pengerjaannya pengerjaannya efisien, sehingga akselerasi ( lari ) Menjadi Lebih Baik Dan LEBIH GESIT . K ebanyakan digunakan UNTUK mobil Perkotaan Yang menuntut manuver lincah Dan Hemat Bahan bakar.
    b.       Sistem Depan Wheel Drive . Dari g ea r boks Tenaga dis SEBUAH lurkan lewat  poros Penggerak  (seperti roda). KARENA sebagai Penggerak LEBIH Pendek, Potensi Kehilangan Tenaga Saat mesin berjalan LEBIH Sedikit .
    c.       Efisiensi Suami berpengaruh PADA kabin Yang LEBIH Lega .
    d.       Gerak Roda Depan kebanyakan diadopsi Diposkan DENGAN Kapasitas mesin Kecil.
    e.       LEBIH stabil hati memainkan throttle gas
    Kelemahan 
    a.       Penataan (layout) mesin LEBIH rumit Dan Membutuhkan Ruang LEBIH Banyak.
    b.       B Eban mobil terkonsentrasi di Bagian Depan, menyebabkan TIDAK Nyaman ketika Perjalanan JAUH melakukan.
    c.       Sistem handlingnya terasa Anda Andari understeer   KARENA roda Depan mempunyai doa telkom Berat Yaitu sebagai Penggerak Dan sebagai kemudi. Sehingga keausan ban JUGA LEBIH Cepat.
    d.       D ibutuhkan Rangkaian ketegangan Depan Yang LEBIH Kompleks, MEMBUAT Bagian LEBIH keras Bekerja sehingga Perlu penggantian Beroperasi Berkala Yang LEBIH Banyak
    e.       Kerja Komponen-Komponen mesin LEBIH keras, KARENA disamping befungsi sebagai Penggerak JUGA sebagai penentu Arah.
    f.        Perawatan Komponen mesin Dan roda LEBIH rumit Dan LEBIH mahal.
    g.       TIDAK sekuat Sistem Penggerak Roda Belakang Saat di jalan Tanjakan.
    h.      Bobot Kendaraan Yang tertumpu di roda Depan Saat pengereman .
    i.        UNTUK manuver UNTUK PARKIR terasa Anda Andari LEBIH Sulit ketika roda Depan Dituntut Harus Belok patah KARENA keterbatasan PADA sebagai roda.

    3.      Belakang Mesin Belakang drive (RR)


    Dalam Sistem Suami mesin mobil ditempatkan di Belakang Dan JUGA menggerakkan roda Belakang. Pemindah Tenaga Kendaraan Prinsipnya sama DENGAN tipe FF, Yaitu: kopling ( clutch ), Transmisi ( Transmisi ), Diferensial , poros Belakang Dan roda ( roda
    Keuntungan
    PADA jalan lumpur traksi Baik
    Kerugian 
    Kenyamanan kurang PADA jalan aspal, Jika tidak Cukup PT KALBE PADA Aksel Depan

    4.      Four Wheel Drive  (FWD)


    Kendaraan DENGAN mesin menggerakkan roda Depan Dan Belakang roda dinamakan tipe Four Wheel Drive  ATAU  * Semua Wheel Drive (FWD ATAU 4WD ATAU AWD). Komponen-Komponen Sistem pemindah Tenaga meliputi: kopling ( clutch ), Transmisi ( Transmisi ),  transfer , Dan terbagi Menjadi doa.
    Pertama Ke  Depan  drive shaft  ( poros frontpropeller ),  Depan Diferensialsebagai roda Depan  Dan Roda Depan ( roda Depan ), kedua KE  berkendara poros BelakangBelakang Diferensialporos Belakang Dan Roda Belakang ( roda Belakang ).

    Keuntungan
    Traksi Sangat Baik
    Kerugian
    a.       mahal harga LEBIH Dan Berat
    b.       PADA Sistem Penggerak empat dalam hearts roda DAPAT dibedakan
    1)   Penggerak Empat Roda selektif
    a.   DAPAT MENGGUNAKAN aksel Belakang PADA jalan Baik
    b.   Aksel Depan DAPAT PADA dihubungkan jalan jelek
    2)   Penggerak Empat Roda permanen
    a.   Memerlukan penyeimbang ANTARA kedua poros Penggerak (Mis: Diferensial , Kopling Visco)
    b.   LEBIH mahal


    Sumber: berbagai sumber.



      







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